To estimate the price of the 2023 Toyota Prado VXR 4.0 L (Top++) with 100000 km mileage, I used the new car prices as the primary reference. The 2025 Toyota Land Cruiser Prado 4.0L VXR is priced at AED 200900. Given that the car in question is a 2023 model, it is one year old. Assuming a depreciation rate of 10% per year, the estimated depreciation for one year is AED 20090. Therefore, the estimated price for the 2023 model would be AED 200900 - AED 20090 = AED 180810. Additionally, considering the high mileage of 100000 km, which is above average for a one-year-old car, I applied an additional depreciation factor of around 5%, which is AED 9040.5. Thus, the final estimated price is AED 180810 - AED 9040.5 = AED 171769.5, rounded to AED 171770.